North Richmond Today

• Symptoms of eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) include fullness in the ears, feeling like your ears are plugged, changes in hearing, tinnitus, and pain. 
• Some people are at a higher risk for ETD, including those struggling with obesity, smokers, and people with allergies. 
• If left untreated, the symptoms of ETD are likely to recur.

Eustachian tube dysfunction is a disorder in which passageways in the ears are plugged up and cause uncomfortable symptoms. According to Dr. John Ditto of Richmond Breathe Free, the eustachian tube is actually a key part of a person’s sinuses.

"Because the lining of the sinuses is the same lining as the lining in the eustachian tube, the mucosa there is just as reactive to bacteria and inflammatory mediators as it is in the sinuses," Dr. Ditto told North Richmond Today. "So, when you have sinusitis, you can actually see the infected mucus traveling down the back of the nose over and across the eustachian tube opening. Because that's an adjacent structure, that then causes inflammation on the eustachian tube. The guy who designed the eustachian tube balloon, Doctor Poe, says that eustachian tube dysfunction is more of a rhinologic problem than it is an otologic problem."

According to Healthline, eustachian tubes are small tubes that run between your middle ears and the upper throat. They are responsible for equalizing ear pressure and draining fluid from the middle ear, the part of the ear behind the eardrum. The eustachian tubes are typically closed except during chewing, swallowing, or yawning. 

These passageways are small in size and can become plugged due to a variety of reasons, according to Healthline. Blocked eustachian tubes can cause symptoms, including pain, hearing difficulties, and a feeling of fullness in the ears, which is referred to as eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD). Depending on the cause, it may resolve on its own or through simple at-home treatment measures. ETD is a relatively common condition, though severe or recurring cases may require a visit to the doctor.

ETD can be caused by allergies, a common cold, the flu, or chronic acid reflux, according to the Cleveland Clinic. ETD frequently resolves on its own, but patients are advised to consult a physician if symptoms persist for more than two weeks. At-home remedies to address ETD include chewing gum, yawning, swallowing, or saline nasal sprays. People with ETD due to allergies can treat their symptoms with an antihistamine or other over-the-counter medications.

According to Richmond Breathe Free's website, Dr. John Ditto received his medical degree from the University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine, where he earned recognition for his research efforts. He then went on to receive specialized training in ear, nose, and throat disorders at the University of Michigan's department of otolaryngology head and neck surgery.